Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Shetty B.S.K.; Stein C.; Stokes M.A.; Sufiyan M.B.; Suleria H.A.R.; Sultan I.; Szumowski L.; Tabares-Seisdedos R.; Tabuchi T.; Tadakamadla S.K.; Taddele B.W.; Tadesse D.B.; Taherkhani A.; Tamiru A.T.; Tanser F.C.; Tareque M.I.; Tarigan I.U.; Teagle W.L.; Tediosi F.; Tefera Y.G.G.; Tela F.G.; Tessema Z.T.; Thakur B.; Titova M.V.; Tonelli M.; Topor-Madry R.; Topouzis F.; Tovani-Palone M.R.R.; Tran B.X.; Travillian R.; Troeger C.E.; Tudor Car L.; Uddin R.; Ullah I.; Umeokonkwo C.D.; Unnikrishnan B.; Upadhyay E.; Uthman O.A.; Vacante M.; Valdez P.R.; Varughese S.; Vasankari T.J.; Vasseghian Y.; Venketasubramanian N.; Violante F.S.; Vlassov V.; Vollset S.E.; Vongpradith A.; Vos T.; Waheed Y.; Walters M.K.; Wamai R.G.; Wang H.; Wang Y.-P.; Weintraub R.G.; Weiss J.; Werdecker A.; Westerman R.; Wilner L.B.; Woldu G.; Wolfe C.D.A.; Wu A.-M.; Wulf Hanson S.; Xie Y.; Yahyazadeh Jabbari S.H.; Yamagishi K.; Yano Y.; Yaya S.; Yazdi-Feyzabadi V.; Yearwood J.A.; Yeshitila Y.G.; Yip P.; Yonemoto N.; Younis M.Z.; Yousefi Z.; Yousefinezhadi T.; Yusefzadeh H.; Zadey S.; Zahirian Moghadam T.; Zaidi S.S.; Zaki L.; Zaman S.B.; Zamanian M.; Zandian H.; Zastrozhin M.S.; Zewdie K.A.; Zhang Y.; Zhao X.-J.G.; Zhao Y.; Zheng P.; Zhu C.; Ziapour A.; Zlavog B.S.; Zodpey S.; Murray C.J.L.; Lozano R.; Fullman N.; Mumford J.E.; Knight M.; Barthelemy C.M.; Abbafati C.; Abbastabar H.; Abd-Allah F.; Abdollahi M.; Abedi A.; Abolhassani H.; Abosetugn A.E.; Abreu L.G.; Abrigo M.R.M.; Abu Haimed A.K.; Abushouk A.I.; Adabi M.; Adebayo O.M.; Adekanmbi V.; Adelson J.; Adetokunboh O.O.; Adham D.; Advani S.M.; Afshin A.; Agarwal G.; Agasthi P.; Aghamir S.M.K.; Agrawal A.; Ahmad T.; Akinyemi R.O.; Alahdab F.; Al-Aly Z.; Alam K.; Albertson S.B.; Alemu Y.M.; Alhassan R.K.; Ali M.; Ali S.; Alipour V.; Aljunid S.M.; Alla F.; Almadi M.A.H.; Almasi A.; Almasi-Hashiani A.; Almasri N.A.; Al-Mekhlafi H.M.; Almulhim A.M.; Alonso J.; Al-Raddadi R.M.; Altirkawi K.A.; Alvis-Guzman N.; Alvis-Zakzuk N.J.; Amini S.; Amini-Rarani M.; Amiri F.; Amit A.M.L.; Amugsi D.A.; Ancuceanu R.; Anderlini D.; Andrei C.L.; Androudi S.; Ansari F.; Ansari-Moghaddam A.; Antonio C.A.T.; Antony C.M.; Antriyandarti E.; Anvari D.; Anwer R.; Arabloo J.; Arab-Zozani M.; Aravkin A.Y.; Aremu O.; Arnlov J.; Asaad M.; Asadi-Aliabadi M.; Asadi-Pooya A.A.; Athari S.S.; Atout M.M.W.; Ausloos M.; Avila-Burgos L.; Ayala Quintanilla B.P.; Ayano G.; Ayanore M.A.; Aynalem Y.A.; Aynalem G.L.; Ayza M.A.; Azari S.; Azzopardi P.S.; B D.B.; Babaee E.; Badiye A.D.; Bahrami M.A.; Baig A.A.; Bakhshaei M.H.; Bakhtiari A.; Bakkannavar S.M.; Balachandran A.; Banach M.; Banerjee S.K.; Banik P.C.; Bante A.B.; Bante S.A.; Barker-Collo S.L.; Barnighausen T.W.; Barrero L.H.; Bassat Q.; Basu S.; Baune B.T.; Bayati M.; Baye B.A.; Bedi N.; Beghi E.; Behzadifar M.; Bekuma T.T.T.; Bell M.L.; Bensenor I.M.; Berman A.E.; Bernabe E.; Bernstein R.S.; Bhagavathula A.S.; Bhandari D.; Bhardwaj P.; Bhat A.G.; Bhattacharyya K.; Bhattarai S.; Bhutta Z.A.; Bijani A.; Bikbov B.; Bilano V.; Biondi A.; Birihane B.M.; Bockarie M.J.; Bohlouli S.; Bojia H.A.; Bolla S.R.R.; Boloor A.; Brady O.J.; Braithwaite D.; Briggs A.M.; Briko N.I.; Burugina Nagaraja S.; Busse R.; Butt Z.A.; Caetano dos Santos F.L.; Cahuana-Hurtado L.; Camera L.A.; Cardenas R.; Carreras G.; Carrero J.J.; Carvalho F.; Castaldelli-Maia J.M.; Castaneda-Orjuela C.A.; Castelpietra G.; Castro F.; Catala-Lopez F.; Cederroth C.R.; Cerin E.; Chandan J.S.; Chang A.Y.; Charan J.; Chattu V.K.; Chaturvedi S.; Chin K.L.; Cho D.Y.; Choi J.-Y.J.; Christensen H.; Chu D.-T.; Chung M.T.; Ciobanu L.G.; Cirillo M.; Compton K.; Cortesi P.A.; Costa V.M.; Cousin E.; Dahlawi S.M.A.; Damiani G.; Dandona L.; Dandona R.; Darega Gela J.; Darwesh A.M.; Daryani A.; Dash A.P.; Davey G.; Davila-Cervantes C.A.; Davletov K.; De Neve J.-W.; Denova-Gutierrez E.; Deribe K.; Dervenis N.; Desai R.; Dharmaratne S.D.; Dhungana G.P.; Dianatinasab M.; Dias da Silva D.; Diaz D.; Dippenaar I.N.; Do H.T.; Dorostkar F.; Doshmangir L.; Duncan B.B.; Duraes A.R.; Eagan A.W.; Edvardsson D.; El Sayed I.; El Tantawi M.; Elgendy I.Y.; Elyazar I.R.; Eskandari K.; Eskandarieh S.; Esmaeilnejad S.; Esteghamati A.; Ezekannagha O.; Farag T.; Farahmand M.; Faraon E.J.A.; Farinha C.S.E.S.; Farioli A.; Faris P.S.; Faro A.; Fazlzadeh M.; Feigin V.L.; Fernandes E.; Ferrara P.; Feyissa G.T.; Filip I.; Fischer F.; Fisher J.L.; Flor L.S.; Foigt N.A.; Folayan M.O.; Fomenkov A.A.; Foroutan M.; Francis J.M.; Fu W.; Fukumoto T.; Furtado J.M.; Gad M.M.; Gaidhane A.M.; Gakidou E.; Galles N.C.; Gallus S.; Gardner W.M.; Geberemariyam B.S.; Gebrehiwot A.M.; Gebremeskel L.G.; Gebremeskel G.G.; Gesesew H.A.; Ghadiri K.; Ghafourifard M.; Ghashghaee A.; Ghith N.; Gholamian A.; Gilani S.A.; Gill P.S.; Gill T.K.; Ginindza T.G.; Gitimoghaddam M.; Giussani G.; Glagn M.; Gnedovskaya E.V.; Godinho M.A.; Goharinezhad S.; Gopalani S.V.; Goudarzian A.H.; Goulart B.N.G.; Gubari M.I.M.; Guimaraes R.A.; Guled R.A.; Gultie T.; Guo Y.; Gupta R.; Hafezi-Nejad N.; Hafiz A.; Haile T.G.; Hamadeh R.R.; Hameed S.; Hamidi S.; Han C.; Han H.; Handiso D.W.; Hanif A.; Hankey G.J.; Haro J.M.; Hasaballah A.I.; Hasan M.M.; Hashi A.; Hassan S.; Hassan A.; Hassanipour S.; Hassankhani H.; Havmoeller R.J.; Hay S.I.; Hayat K.; Heidari G.; Heidari-Soureshjani R.; Hendrie D.; Herteliu C.; Hird T.R.; Ho H.C.; Hole M.K.; Holla R.; Hoogar P.; Hopf K.P.; Horita N.; Hossain N.; Hosseini M.; Hosseinzadeh M.; Hostiuc M.; Hostiuc S.; Househ M.; Hsieh V.C.-R.; Hu G.; Huda T.M.; Humayun A.; Hwang B.-F.; Iavicoli I.; Ibitoye S.E.; Ikeda N.; Ilesanmi O.S.; Ilic M.D.; Inbaraj L.R.; Iqbal U.; Irvani S.S.N.; Irvine C.M.S.; Islam M.M.; Islam S.M.S.; Islami F.; Iso H.; Iwu C.J.; Jaafari J.; Jadidi-Niaragh F.; Jafarinia M.; Jahagirdar D.; Jahani M.A.; Jahanmehr N.; Jakovljevic M.; Janjani H.; Javaheri T.; Jayatilleke A.U.; Jenabi E.; Jha R.P.; Jha V.; Ji J.S.; Jia P.; John-Akinola Y.O.; Jonas J.B.; Joukar F.; Jozwiak J.J.; Jurisson M.; Kabir Z.; Kalankesh L.R.; Kalhor R.; Kamath A.M.; Kanchan T.; Kapoor N.; Karami Matin B.; Karanikolos M.; Karimi S.M.; Kassebaum N.J.; Katikireddi S.V.; Kayode G.A.; Keiyoro P.N.; Khader Y.S.; Khammarnia M.; Khan M.; Khan E.A.; Khang Y.-H.; Khatab K.; Khater A.M.; Khater M.M.; Khatib M.N.; Khayamzadeh M.; Khubchandani J.; Kianipour N.; Kim Y.J.; Kimokoti R.W.; Kinfu Y.; Kisa A.; Kissimova-Skarbek K.; Kivimaki M.; Kneib C.J.; Kocarnik J.M.; Kochhar S.; Kohler S.; Kopec J.A.; Korotkova A.V.; Korshunov V.A.; Kosen S.; Kotlo A.; Koul P.A.; Koyanagi A.; Krishan K.; Krohn K.J.; Kugbey N.; Kulkarni V.; Kumar G.A.; Kumar N.; Kumar M.; Kurmi O.P.; Kusuma D.; Kyu H.H.; La Vecchia C.; Lacey B.; Lal D.K.; Lalloo R.; Landires I.; Lansingh V.C.; Larsson A.O.; Lasrado S.; Lau K.M.-M.; Lauriola P.; Lazarus J.V.; Ledesma J.R.; Lee P.H.; Lee S.W.H.; Leever A.T.; LeGrand K.E.; Leigh J.; Leonardi M.; Li S.; Lim S.S.; Lim L.-L.; Liu X.; Logroscino G.; Lopez A.D.; Lopukhov P.D.; Lotufo P.A.; Lu A.; Ma J.; Madadin M.; Mahasha P.W.; Mahmoudi M.; Majeed A.; Malagon-Rojas J.N.; Maleki S.; Malta D.C.; Mansouri B.; Mansournia M.A.; Martini S.; Martins-Melo F.R.; Martopullo I.; Massenburg B.B.; Mastrogiacomo C.I.; Mathur M.R.; McAlinden C.; McKee M.; Medina-Solis C.E.; Meharie B.G.; Mehndiratta M.M.; Mehrabi Nasab E.; Mehri F.; Mehrotra R.; Mekonnen T.; Melese A.; Memiah P.T.N.; Mendoza W.; Menezes R.G.; Mensah G.A.; Meretoja T.J.; Meretoja A.; Mestrovic T.; Miazgowski B.; Michalek I.M.; Mirrakhimov E.M.; Mirzaei M.; Mirzaei-Alavijeh M.; Mitchell P.B.; Moazen B.; Moghadaszadeh M.; Mohamadi E.; Mohammad Y.; Mohammad D.K.; Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N.; Mohammadian-Hafshejani A.; Mohammed S.; Mohammed J.A.; Mokdad A.H.; Monasta L.; Mondello S.; Moradi M.; Moradi-Lakeh M.; Moradzadeh R.; Moraga P.; Morgado-da-Costa J.; Morrison S.D.; Mosapour A.; Mosser J.F.; Mousavi Khaneghah A.; Muriithi M.K.; Mustafa G.; Nabhan A.F.; Naderi M.; Nagarajan A.J.; Naghavi M.; Naghshtabrizi B.; Naimzada M.D.; Nangia V.; Nansseu J.R.; Nayak V.C.; Nazari J.; Ndejjo R.; Negoi I.; Negoi R.I.; Neupane S.; Ngari K.N.; Nguefack-Tsague G.; Ngunjiri J.W.; Nguyen C.T.; Nguyen D.N.; Nguyen H.L.T.; Nnaji C.A.; Nomura S.; Norheim O.F.; Noubiap J.J.; Nowak C.; Nunez-Samudio V.; Otoiu A.; Ogbo F.A.; Oghenetega O.B.; Oh I.-H.; Okunga E.W.; Oladnabi M.; Olagunju A.T.; Olusanya J.O.; Olusanya B.O.; Oluwasanu M.M.; Omar Bali A.; Omer M.O.; Ong K.L.; Onwujekwe O.E.; Ortega-Altamirano D.V.V.; Ortiz A.; Ostojic S.M.; Otstavnov N.; Otstavnov S.S.; Overland S.; Owolabi M.O.; Padubidri J.R.; Pakhale S.; Palladino R.; Pana A.; Panda-Jonas S.; Pangaribuan H.U.; Pathak M.; Patton G.C.; Paudel S.; Pazoki Toroudi H.; Pease S.A.; Peden A.E.; Pennini A.; Peprah E.K.; Pereira J.; Pigott D.M.; Pilgrim T.; Pilz T.M.; Pinheiro M.; Piradov M.A.; Pirsaheb M.; Pokhrel K.N.; Postma M.J.; Pourjafar H.; Pourmalek F.; Pourmirza Kalhori R.; Pourshams A.; Prada S.I.; Pribadi D.R.A.; Pupillo E.; Quazi Syed Z.; Radfar A.; Rafiee A.; Rafiei A.; Raggi A.; Rahim F.; Rahman M.A.; Rajabpour-Sanati A.; Rana S.M.; Ranabhat C.L.; Rao S.J.; Rasella D.; Rashedi V.; Rath G.K.; Rathi P.; Rawaf S.; Rawaf D.L.; Rawal L.; Rawassizadeh R.; Razo C.; Renjith V.; Renzaho A.M.N.; Reshmi B.; Rezaei N.; Riahi S.M.; Ribeiro D.C.; Rickard J.; Roberts N.L.S.; Roever L.; Romoli M.; Ronfani L.; Roshandel G.; Rubagotti E.; Rwegerera G.M.; Sabour S.; Sachdev P.S.; Saddik B.; Sadeghi M.; Sadeghi E.; Safari Y.; Sagar R.; Sahebkar A.; Sahraian M.A.; Sajadi S.M.; Salahshoor M.R.; Salem M.R.R.; Salem H.; Salomon J.; Samadi Kafil H.; Samy A.M.; Sanabria J.; Santric-Milicevic M.M.; Saraswathy S.Y.I.; Sarmiento-Suarez R.; Sartorius B.; Sarveazad A.; Sathian B.; Sathish T.; Sattin D.; Savic M.; Sawyer S.M.; Saxena D.; Sbarra A.N.; Schaeffer L.E.; Schiavolin S.; Schmidt M.I.; Schutte A.E.; Schwebel D.C.; Schwendicke F.; Seedat S.; Sha F.; Shahabi S.; Shaheen A.A.; Shaikh M.A.; Shamsizadeh M.; Shannawaz M.; Sharafi K.; Sharara F.; Sharifi H.; Shaw D.H.; Sheikh A.; Sheikhtaheri A.; Shibuya K.; Shiferaw W.S.; Shigematsu M.; Shin J.I.; Shiri R.; Shirkoohi R.; Shivakumar K.M.; Shrime M.G.; Shuval K.; Siabani S.; Sierpinski R.; Sigfusdottir I.D.; Sigurvinsdottir R.; Silva D.A.S.; Silva J.P.; Simonetti B.; Simpson K.E.; Singh J.A.; Singh P.; Sinha D.N.; Skryabin V.Y.; Smith E.U.R.; Soheili A.; Soltani S.; Soofi M.; Sorensen R.J.D.; Soriano J.B.; Sorrie M.B.; Soyiri I.N.; Spurlock E.E.; Sreeramareddy C.T.; Stanaway J.D.; Steel N.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/27409

Title:	Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Authors:	Shetty B.S.K.;Stein C.;Stokes M.A.;Sufiyan M.B.;Suleria H.A.R.;Sultan I.;Szumowski L.;Tabares-Seisdedos R.;Tabuchi T.;Tadakamadla S.K.;Taddele B.W.;Tadesse D.B.;Taherkhani A.;Tamiru A.T.;Tanser F.C.;Tareque M.I.;Tarigan I.U.;Teagle W.L.;Tediosi F.;Tefera Y.G.G.;Tela F.G.;Tessema Z.T.;Thakur B.;Titova M.V.;Tonelli M.;Topor-Madry R.;Topouzis F.;Tovani-Palone M.R.R.;Tran B.X.;Travillian R.;Troeger C.E.;Tudor Car L.;Uddin R.;Ullah I.;Umeokonkwo C.D.;Unnikrishnan B.;Upadhyay E.;Uthman O.A.;Vacante M.;Valdez P.R.;Varughese S.;Vasankari T.J.;Vasseghian Y.;Venketasubramanian N.;Violante F.S.;Vlassov V.;Vollset S.E.;Vongpradith A.;Vos T.;Waheed Y.;Walters M.K.;Wamai R.G.;Wang H.;Wang Y.-P.;Weintraub R.G.;Weiss J.;Werdecker A.;Westerman R.;Wilner L.B.;Woldu G.;Wolfe C.D.A.;Wu A.-M.;Wulf Hanson S.;Xie Y.;Yahyazadeh Jabbari S.H.;Yamagishi K.;Yano Y.;Yaya S.;Yazdi-Feyzabadi V.;Yearwood J.A.;Yeshitila Y.G.;Yip P.;Yonemoto N.;Younis M.Z.;Yousefi Z.;Yousefinezhadi T.;Yusefzadeh H.;Zadey S.;Zahirian Moghadam T.;Zaidi S.S.;Zaki L.;Zaman S.B.;Zamanian M.;Zandian H.;Zastrozhin M.S.;Zewdie K.A.;Zhang Y.;Zhao X.-J.G.;Zhao Y.;Zheng P.;Zhu C.;Ziapour A.;Zlavog B.S.;Zodpey S.;Murray C.J.L.;Lozano R.;Fullman N.;Mumford J.E.;Knight M.;Barthelemy C.M.;Abbafati C.;Abbastabar H.;Abd-Allah F.;Abdollahi M.;Abedi A.;Abolhassani H.;Abosetugn A.E.;Abreu L.G.;Abrigo M.R.M.;Abu Haimed A.K.;Abushouk A.I.;Adabi M.;Adebayo O.M.;Adekanmbi V.;Adelson J.;Adetokunboh O.O.;Adham D.;Advani S.M.;Afshin A.;Agarwal G.;Agasthi P.;Aghamir S.M.K.;Agrawal A.;Ahmad T.;Akinyemi R.O.;Alahdab F.;Al-Aly Z.;Alam K.;Albertson S.B.;Alemu Y.M.;Alhassan R.K.;Ali M.;Ali S.;Alipour V.;Aljunid S.M.;Alla F.;Almadi M.A.H.;Almasi A.;Almasi-Hashiani A.;Almasri N.A.;Al-Mekhlafi H.M.;Almulhim A.M.;Alonso J.;Al-Raddadi R.M.;Altirkawi K.A.;Alvis-Guzman N.;Alvis-Zakzuk N.J.;Amini S.;Amini-Rarani M.;Amiri F.;Amit A.M.L.;Amugsi D.A.;Ancuceanu R.;Anderlini D.;Andrei C.L.;Androudi S.;Ansari F.;Ansari-Moghaddam A.;Antonio C.A.T.;Antony C.M.;Antriyandarti E.;Anvari D.;Anwer R.;Arabloo J.;Arab-Zozani M.;Aravkin A.Y.;Aremu O.;Arnlov J.;Asaad M.;Asadi-Aliabadi M.;Asadi-Pooya A.A.;Athari S.S.;Atout M.M.W.;Ausloos M.;Avila-Burgos L.;Ayala Quintanilla B.P.;Ayano G.;Ayanore M.A.;Aynalem Y.A.;Aynalem G.L.;Ayza M.A.;Azari S.;Azzopardi P.S.;B D.B.;Babaee E.;Badiye A.D.;Bahrami M.A.;Baig A.A.;Bakhshaei M.H.;Bakhtiari A.;Bakkannavar S.M.;Balachandran A.;Banach M.;Banerjee S.K.;Banik P.C.;Bante A.B.;Bante S.A.;Barker-Collo S.L.;Barnighausen T.W.;Barrero L.H.;Bassat Q.;Basu S.;Baune B.T.;Bayati M.;Baye B.A.;Bedi N.;Beghi E.;Behzadifar M.;Bekuma T.T.T.;Bell M.L.;Bensenor I.M.;Berman A.E.;Bernabe E.;Bernstein R.S.;Bhagavathula A.S.;Bhandari D.;Bhardwaj P.;Bhat A.G.;Bhattacharyya K.;Bhattarai S.;Bhutta Z.A.;Bijani A.;Bikbov B.;Bilano V.;Biondi A.;Birihane B.M.;Bockarie M.J.;Bohlouli S.;Bojia H.A.;Bolla S.R.R.;Boloor A.;Brady O.J.;Braithwaite D.;Briggs A.M.;Briko N.I.;Burugina Nagaraja S.;Busse R.;Butt Z.A.;Caetano dos Santos F.L.;Cahuana-Hurtado L.;Camera L.A.;Cardenas R.;Carreras G.;Carrero J.J.;Carvalho F.;Castaldelli-Maia J.M.;Castaneda-Orjuela C.A.;Castelpietra G.;Castro F.;Catala-Lopez F.;Cederroth C.R.;Cerin E.;Chandan J.S.;Chang A.Y.;Charan J.;Chattu V.K.;Chaturvedi S.;Chin K.L.;Cho D.Y.;Choi J.-Y.J.;Christensen H.;Chu D.-T.;Chung M.T.;Ciobanu L.G.;Cirillo M.;Compton K.;Cortesi P.A.;Costa V.M.;Cousin E.;Dahlawi S.M.A.;Damiani G.;Dandona L.;Dandona R.;Darega Gela J.;Darwesh A.M.;Daryani A.;Dash A.P.;Davey G.;Davila-Cervantes C.A.;Davletov K.;De Neve J.-W.;Denova-Gutierrez E.;Deribe K.;Dervenis N.;Desai R.;Dharmaratne S.D.;Dhungana G.P.;Dianatinasab M.;Dias da Silva D.;Diaz D.;Dippenaar I.N.;Do H.T.;Dorostkar F.;Doshmangir L.;Duncan B.B.;Duraes A.R.;Eagan A.W.;Edvardsson D.;El Sayed I.;El Tantawi M.;Elgendy I.Y.;Elyazar I.R.;Eskandari K.;Eskandarieh S.;Esmaeilnejad S.;Esteghamati A.;Ezekannagha O.;Farag T.;Farahmand M.;Faraon E.J.A.;Farinha C.S.E.S.;Farioli A.;Faris P.S.;Faro A.;Fazlzadeh M.;Feigin V.L.;Fernandes E.;Ferrara P.;Feyissa G.T.;Filip I.;Fischer F.;Fisher J.L.;Flor L.S.;Foigt N.A.;Folayan M.O.;Fomenkov A.A.;Foroutan M.;Francis J.M.;Fu W.;Fukumoto T.;Furtado J.M.;Gad M.M.;Gaidhane A.M.;Gakidou E.;Galles N.C.;Gallus S.;Gardner W.M.;Geberemariyam B.S.;Gebrehiwot A.M.;Gebremeskel L.G.;Gebremeskel G.G.;Gesesew H.A.;Ghadiri K.;Ghafourifard M.;Ghashghaee A.;Ghith N.;Gholamian A.;Gilani S.A.;Gill P.S.;Gill T.K.;Ginindza T.G.;Gitimoghaddam M.;Giussani G.;Glagn M.;Gnedovskaya E.V.;Godinho M.A.;Goharinezhad S.;Gopalani S.V.;Goudarzian A.H.;Goulart B.N.G.;Gubari M.I.M.;Guimaraes R.A.;Guled R.A.;Gultie T.;Guo Y.;Gupta R.;Hafezi-Nejad N.;Hafiz A.;Haile T.G.;Hamadeh R.R.;Hameed S.;Hamidi S.;Han C.;Han H.;Handiso D.W.;Hanif A.;Hankey G.J.;Haro J.M.;Hasaballah A.I.;Hasan M.M.;Hashi A.;Hassan S.;Hassan A.;Hassanipour S.;Hassankhani H.;Havmoeller R.J.;Hay S.I.;Hayat K.;Heidari G.;Heidari-Soureshjani R.;Hendrie D.;Herteliu C.;Hird T.R.;Ho H.C.;Hole M.K.;Holla R.;Hoogar P.;Hopf K.P.;Horita N.;Hossain N.;Hosseini M.;Hosseinzadeh M.;Hostiuc M.;Hostiuc S.;Househ M.;Hsieh V.C.-R.;Hu G.;Huda T.M.;Humayun A.;Hwang B.-F.;Iavicoli I.;Ibitoye S.E.;Ikeda N.;Ilesanmi O.S.;Ilic M.D.;Inbaraj L.R.;Iqbal U.;Irvani S.S.N.;Irvine C.M.S.;Islam M.M.;Islam S.M.S.;Islami F.;Iso H.;Iwu C.J.;Jaafari J.;Jadidi-Niaragh F.;Jafarinia M.;Jahagirdar D.;Jahani M.A.;Jahanmehr N.;Jakovljevic M.;Janjani H.;Javaheri T.;Jayatilleke A.U.;Jenabi E.;Jha R.P.;Jha V.;Ji J.S.;Jia P.;John-Akinola Y.O.;Jonas J.B.;Joukar F.;Jozwiak J.J.;Jurisson M.;Kabir Z.;Kalankesh L.R.;Kalhor R.;Kamath A.M.;Kanchan T.;Kapoor N.;Karami Matin B.;Karanikolos M.;Karimi S.M.;Kassebaum N.J.;Katikireddi S.V.;Kayode G.A.;Keiyoro P.N.;Khader Y.S.;Khammarnia M.;Khan M.;Khan E.A.;Khang Y.-H.;Khatab K.;Khater A.M.;Khater M.M.;Khatib M.N.;Khayamzadeh M.;Khubchandani J.;Kianipour N.;Kim Y.J.;Kimokoti R.W.;Kinfu Y.;Kisa A.;Kissimova-Skarbek K.;Kivimaki M.;Kneib C.J.;Kocarnik J.M.;Kochhar S.;Kohler S.;Kopec J.A.;Korotkova A.V.;Korshunov V.A.;Kosen S.;Kotlo A.;Koul P.A.;Koyanagi A.;Krishan K.;Krohn K.J.;Kugbey N.;Kulkarni V.;Kumar G.A.;Kumar N.;Kumar M.;Kurmi O.P.;Kusuma D.;Kyu H.H.;La Vecchia C.;Lacey B.;Lal D.K.;Lalloo R.;Landires I.;Lansingh V.C.;Larsson A.O.;Lasrado S.;Lau K.M.-M.;Lauriola P.;Lazarus J.V.;Ledesma J.R.;Lee P.H.;Lee S.W.H.;Leever A.T.;LeGrand K.E.;Leigh J.;Leonardi M.;Li S.;Lim S.S.;Lim L.-L.;Liu X.;Logroscino G.;Lopez A.D.;Lopukhov P.D.;Lotufo P.A.;Lu A.;Ma J.;Madadin M.;Mahasha P.W.;Mahmoudi M.;Majeed A.;Malagon-Rojas J.N.;Maleki S.;Malta D.C.;Mansouri B.;Mansournia M.A.;Martini S.;Martins-Melo F.R.;Martopullo I.;Massenburg B.B.;Mastrogiacomo C.I.;Mathur M.R.;McAlinden C.;McKee M.;Medina-Solis C.E.;Meharie B.G.;Mehndiratta M.M.;Mehrabi Nasab E.;Mehri F.;Mehrotra R.;Mekonnen T.;Melese A.;Memiah P.T.N.;Mendoza W.;Menezes R.G.;Mensah G.A.;Meretoja T.J.;Meretoja A.;Mestrovic T.;Miazgowski B.;Michalek I.M.;Mirrakhimov E.M.;Mirzaei M.;Mirzaei-Alavijeh M.;Mitchell P.B.;Moazen B.;Moghadaszadeh M.;Mohamadi E.;Mohammad Y.;Mohammad D.K.;Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N.;Mohammadian-Hafshejani A.;Mohammed S.;Mohammed J.A.;Mokdad A.H.;Monasta L.;Mondello S.;Moradi M.;Moradi-Lakeh M.;Moradzadeh R.;Moraga P.;Morgado-da-Costa J.;Morrison S.D.;Mosapour A.;Mosser J.F.;Mousavi Khaneghah A.;Muriithi M.K.;Mustafa G.;Nabhan A.F.;Naderi M.;Nagarajan A.J.;Naghavi M.;Naghshtabrizi B.;Naimzada M.D.;Nangia V.;Nansseu J.R.;Nayak V.C.;Nazari J.;Ndejjo R.;Negoi I.;Negoi R.I.;Neupane S.;Ngari K.N.;Nguefack-Tsague G.;Ngunjiri J.W.;Nguyen C.T.;Nguyen D.N.;Nguyen H.L.T.;Nnaji C.A.;Nomura S.;Norheim O.F.;Noubiap J.J.;Nowak C.;Nunez-Samudio V.;Otoiu A.;Ogbo F.A.;Oghenetega O.B.;Oh I.-H.;Okunga E.W.;Oladnabi M.;Olagunju A.T.;Olusanya J.O.;Olusanya B.O.;Oluwasanu M.M.;Omar Bali A.;Omer M.O.;Ong K.L.;Onwujekwe O.E.;Ortega-Altamirano D.V.V.;Ortiz A.;Ostojic S.M.;Otstavnov N.;Otstavnov S.S.;Overland S.;Owolabi M.O.;Padubidri J.R.;Pakhale S.;Palladino R.;Pana A.;Panda-Jonas S.;Pangaribuan H.U.;Pathak M.;Patton G.C.;Paudel S.;Pazoki Toroudi H.;Pease S.A.;Peden A.E.;Pennini A.;Peprah E.K.;Pereira J.;Pigott D.M.;Pilgrim T.;Pilz T.M.;Pinheiro M.;Piradov M.A.;Pirsaheb M.;Pokhrel K.N.;Postma M.J.;Pourjafar H.;Pourmalek F.;Pourmirza Kalhori R.;Pourshams A.;Prada S.I.;Pribadi D.R.A.;Pupillo E.;Quazi Syed Z.;Radfar A.;Rafiee A.;Rafiei A.;Raggi A.;Rahim F.;Rahman M.A.;Rajabpour-Sanati A.;Rana S.M.;Ranabhat C.L.;Rao S.J.;Rasella D.;Rashedi V.;Rath G.K.;Rathi P.;Rawaf S.;Rawaf D.L.;Rawal L.;Rawassizadeh R.;Razo C.;Renjith V.;Renzaho A.M.N.;Reshmi B.;Rezaei N.;Riahi S.M.;Ribeiro D.C.;Rickard J.;Roberts N.L.S.;Roever L.;Romoli M.;Ronfani L.;Roshandel G.;Rubagotti E.;Rwegerera G.M.;Sabour S.;Sachdev P.S.;Saddik B.;Sadeghi M.;Sadeghi E.;Safari Y.;Sagar R.;Sahebkar A.;Sahraian M.A.;Sajadi S.M.;Salahshoor M.R.;Salem M.R.R.;Salem H.;Salomon J.;Samadi Kafil H.;Samy A.M.;Sanabria J.;Santric-Milicevic M.M.;Saraswathy S.Y.I.;Sarmiento-Suarez R.;Sartorius B.;Sarveazad A.;Sathian B.;Sathish T.;Sattin D.;Savic M.;Sawyer S.M.;Saxena D.;Sbarra A.N.;Schaeffer L.E.;Schiavolin S.;Schmidt M.I.;Schutte A.E.;Schwebel D.C.;Schwendicke F.;Seedat S.;Sha F.;Shahabi S.;Shaheen A.A.;Shaikh M.A.;Shamsizadeh M.;Shannawaz M.;Sharafi K.;Sharara F.;Sharifi H.;Shaw D.H.;Sheikh A.;Sheikhtaheri A.;Shibuya K.;Shiferaw W.S.;Shigematsu M.;Shin J.I.;Shiri R.;Shirkoohi R.;Shivakumar K.M.;Shrime M.G.;Shuval K.;Siabani S.;Sierpinski R.;Sigfusdottir I.D.;Sigurvinsdottir R.;Silva D.A.S.;Silva J.P.;Simonetti B.;Simpson K.E.;Singh J.A.;Singh P.;Sinha D.N.;Skryabin V.Y.;Smith E.U.R.;Soheili A.;Soltani S.;Soofi M.;Sorensen R.J.D.;Soriano J.B.;Sorrie M.B.;Soyiri I.N.;Spurlock E.E.;Sreeramareddy C.T.;Stanaway J.D.;Steel N.
Institution:	(Lozano, Fullman, Mumford, Knight, Barthelemy, Adelson, Afshin, Albertson, Antony, Aravkin, Compton, Dandona, Dandona, Dharmaratne, Dippenaar, Farag, Feigin, Fu, Gakidou, Galles, Gardner, Han, Han, Hay, Irvine, Jahagirdar, Kassebaum, Kocarnik, Krohn, Kyu, Lau, Ledesma, Leever, LeGrand, Lim, Lopez, Lu, Ma, Martopullo, Mastrogiacomo, Mokdad, Mosser, Naghavi, Ong, Pease, Pennini, Pigott, Pilz, Razo, Roberts, Sbarra, Schaeffer, Sharara, Shaw, Simpson, Sorensen, Spurlock, Stanaway, Travillian, Troeger, Vollset, Vongpradith, Vos, Walters, Wang, Wilner, Wulf Hanson, Yearwood, Zheng, Zlavog, Murray) Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Lozano, Afshin, Aravkin, Dandona, Dharmaratne, Gakidou, Hay, Kassebaum, Kyu, Lim, Lopez, Mokdad, Naghavi, Pigott, Sartorius, Stanaway, Vollset, Vos, Wang, Murray) Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Aravkin) Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Cho, Kneib) Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Kamath) Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Kassebaum) Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Kochhar, Sorensen) Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Massenburg, Morrison) Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Chang) University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Abbafati) Department of Juridical and Economic Studies, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (Abbastabar) Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Abdollahi) The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Abdollahi) School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Abolhassani, Rezaei) Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Aghamir) Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Bakhtiari) Department of Health Policy, Management, and Economics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Eskandarieh, Sahraian) Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Esteghamati) Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Farahmand) School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Fazlzadeh, Janjani) Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Hafezi-Nejad) School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Heidari-Soureshjani) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Hosseini, Mansournia) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Hosseini) Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mehrabi Nasab) Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mohamadi) Health Equity Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Pourshams) Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Rahim) Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Shirkoohi) Cancer Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Shirkoohi) Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Abd-Allah, Hassan) Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Khater) National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Khater) Department of Medical Parasitology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Salem) Department of Urology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Salem) Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Abedi) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States (Abolhassani) Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden (Abosetugn) Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia (Aynalem, Shiferaw) Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia (Abreu) Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Malta) Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Abrigo) Department of Research, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines (Abu Haimed) Internal Medicine Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Almulhim) College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Dahlawi) Environmental Health Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Madadin) Pathology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Menezes) Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Abushouk) Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Barnighausen) T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Basu) Center for Primary Care, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Eagan) Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Elgendy) Cardiology Department, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Norheim) Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Sheikh) Division of General Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Thakur) Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC) & CSP Coordinating Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Shrime) Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States (Abushouk) Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Nabhan) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Samy) Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Bakhshaei) Department of Anesthesiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Jenabi) Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mohammad Gholi Mezerji) Department of Biostatistics, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Naghshtabrizi) Department of Cardiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Taherkhani) Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Adabi) Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Adebayo) College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Ilesanmi) Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Owolabi) Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Adekanmbi) School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Adetokunboh) Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa (Adetokunboh, Iwu) Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa (Seedat) Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa (Adham) School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Fazlzadeh) Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Zahirian Moghadam, Zandian) Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Zandian) Department of Community Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Advani) Social Behavioral Research Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States (Teagle) National Eye Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States (Advani) Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States (Agarwal) Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (Kurmi) Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (Olagunju) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (Sathish) Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (Agasthi) Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States (Agrawal) Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Delhi, India (Agrawal) Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States (Ahmad) Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China (Akinyemi) Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Ibitoye, John-Akinola, Oluwasanu) Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Ilesanmi) Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Oghenetega) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Owolabi) Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (Akinyemi) Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (Alahdab) Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States (Al-Aly) John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States (Al-Aly) Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, MO, United States (Alam) Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia (Alemu) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (Bante) Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (Melese) Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (Alhassan) Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana (Ayanore) Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana (Kugbey) Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana (Ali) Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan (Ali) Department of Information Systems, College of Economics and Political Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman (Alipour, Arabloo, Azari, Ghashghaee) Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Alipour) Health Economics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Asadi-Aliabadi, Babaee, Goharinezhad, Moradi-Lakeh) Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Dorostkar) Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ghashghaee) Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mehri) Nutrition Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Pazoki Toroudi) Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Pazoki Toroudi) Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Rashedi) Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Sarveazad) Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Sheikhtaheri) Health Information Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Aljunid) Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait (Aljunid) International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia (Alla) Bordeaux School of Public Health, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (Almadi) College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Altirkawi) Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Mohammad) Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Almadi) Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (Almasi) Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Amiri) Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ghadiri) Infectious Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ghadiri) Pediatric Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Karami Matin, Moradi, Pirsaheb) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Sadeghi, Safari, Sharafi, Soltani) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Vasseghian) Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Kianipour) Department of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Maleki, Naderi) Clinical Research Development Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mansouri) Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mirzaei) Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Soofi) Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Pourmirza Kalhori) Department of Emergency Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Salahshoor) Department of Anatomical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Siabani, Ziapour) Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Janjani) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Almasi-Hashiani, Moradzadeh, Zamanian) Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Amini) Health Services Management Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Nazari) Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Almasri) Physiotherapy Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan (Al-Mekhlafi) Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia (Khan) Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia (Bedi) Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia (Al-Mekhlafi) Department of Parasitology, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen (Alonso) Research Program of Epidemiology and Public Health, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (Alonso) Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Epidemiology and Public Health (CiberESP), Madrid, Spain (Al-Raddadi) Department of Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Alvis-Guzman) Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia (Alvis-Guzman) Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costay, Barranquilla, Colombia (Alvis-Zakzuk) Department of Economic Sciences, University of the Coast, Barranquilla, Colombia (Alvis-Zakzuk, Castaneda-Orjuela) Colombian National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia (Malagon-Rojas) Department of Public Health Research, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia (Amini-Rarani) Health Management and Economics Reasearch Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Jafarinia) Department of Immunology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Sadeghi) Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Amit) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines (Antonio, Faraon) Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines (Amit) School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States (Hafezi-Nejad) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States (Amugsi) Maternal and Child Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya (Ancuceanu) Department of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Andrei) Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Hostiuc) Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Hostiuc) Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Negoi) Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Negoi) Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania (Anderlini) Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia (Uddin) School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia (Anderlini) Neurology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (Androudi) Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece (Ansari) Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, School of Nursing and Global Health Metrics, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Doshmangir) Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Nursing and Global Health Metrics, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ghafourifard) Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Global Health Metrics, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Hassankhani) Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Jadidi-Niaragh) Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Kalankesh) Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Moghadaszadeh) Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Moghadaszadeh) Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Samadi Kafil) Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ansari) Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Ansari-Moghaddam) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Khammarnia) Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Antonio) Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Lee) School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Antriyandarti) Agribusiness Study Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia (Anvari) Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Daryani) Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Goudarzian) Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Rafiei) Department of Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Rafiei) Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Yousefi) Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Anvari) Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Anwer) Department of Pathology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Arab-Zozani) Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Rajabpour-Sanati) Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Riahi) Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Aremu) Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (Arnlov, Nowak) Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Carrero) Care Sciences and Society, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Cederroth) Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Mohammad) Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Arnlov) School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden (Asaad) Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States (Asadi-Pooya) Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Bahrami) Department of Healthcare Management and Education, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Bayati) Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Dianatinasab) Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Shahabi) Health Policy Research 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Ethiopia (Tela) School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia (Zewdie) School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia (Azzopardi) Global Adolescent Health Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Azzopardi) Wardliparingga Aboriginal Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia (B, Kulkarni, Kumar) Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Bakkannavar, Nayak, Shetty) Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Reshmi) Department of Health Information Management, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Boloor) Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Holla, Unnikrishnan) Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Hoogar) Centre for Bio Cultural Studies (CBiCS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Padubidri) Department of Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Rathi) Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India (Jha, Reshmi) Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India (Badiye, Kapoor) Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India (Baig) Unit of Biochemistry, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia (Balachandran) Department of Demography, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (Postma) University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (Postma) School of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (Balachandran) Population Research Centre, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bengaluru, India (Banach) Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (Banach) Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland (Banerjee) School of Health Sciences, 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Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain (Basu) School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (Kusuma) Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (Majeed, Palladino, Rawaf) Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (Rawaf) WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (Baune) Department of Psychiatry, University of Munster, Munster, Germany (Baune) Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Baye, Darega Gela) Department of Public Health, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia (Bedi) Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal, Bhopal, India (Beghi, Pupillo) Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy (Gallus) Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri 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Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States (Bernabe) Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Shibuya) Institute for Population Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Wolfe) School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Bernstein) Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States (Bhagavathula) Department of Internal Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (Bhagavathula) Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Prague, Czechia (Bhandari) School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia (Ciobanu, Gill) Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia (Noubiap) Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia (Bhandari) Public Health Research Laboratory, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal (Bhardwaj) Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Charan) Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Kanchan) Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Rath) Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Sagar) Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Bhat) Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Springfield, MA, United States (Bhattacharyya) Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India (Bhattacharyya) Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India (Bhattarai) Department of Global Health, Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal (Bhutta) Centre for Global Child Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Chattu) Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Bhutta) Centre of Excellence in Women & Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karac... [Ovid has truncated this field to avoid Excel character limitations]
Issue Date:	15-Sep-2020
Copyright year:	2020
Publisher:	Lancet Publishing Group
Place of publication:	United Kingdom
Publication information:	The Lancet. 396 (10258) (pp 1250-1284), 2020. Date of Publication: 17 Oct 2020.
Journal:	The Lancet
Abstract:	Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Method(s): Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (>=65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0-100 based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target-1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023-we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Finding(s): Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45.8 (95% uncertainty interval 44.2-47.5) in 1990 to 60.3 (58.7-61.9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2.6% [1.9-3.3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010-2019 relative to 1990-2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0.79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388.9 million (358.6-421.3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3.1 billion (3.0-3.2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968.1 million [903.5-1040.3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation(s): The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people-the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close-or how far-all populations are in benefiting from UHC. Funding(s): Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.Copyright © 2020 Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
DOI:	http://monash.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2820%2930750-9
PubMed URL:	32861314 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=32861314]
ISSN:	0140-6736
URI:	https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/27409
Type:	Article
Subjects:	Somalia South Asia sustainable development uncertainty validity World Bank aged Central African Republic child health consultation disability-adjusted life year drawing global disease burden government health insurance Iceland injury Japan language newborn non communicable disease parity health purchasing
Appears in Collections:	Articles

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