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Title: | The use of sustained low efficiency dialysis (SLED) in massive paracetamol overdose. | Authors: | Graudins A. ;Wong A. ;Tong R.L.K.;Ryan L.;Crozier T. | Institution: | (Wong, Tong, Ryan, Graudins) Monash Toxicology Service, Program of Emergency Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia (Wong, Tong, Ryan, Graudins) Monash Emergency Research Collaboration, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (Wong) Austin Toxicology Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia (Crozier) Intensive Care Department, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia | Issue Date: | 2-Feb-2018 | Copyright year: | 2018 | Publisher: | Taylor and Francis Ltd | Place of publication: | United States | Publication information: | Clinical Toxicology. 56 (3) (pp 229-231), 2018. Date of Publication: 04 Mar 2018. | Journal: | Clinical Toxicology | Abstract: | Context: Massive paracetamol ingestion causing mitochondrial dysfunction is uncommon. Use of sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) to improve acidaemia and enhance paracetamol elimination has not been previously described. Case details: A 44-year-old male presented to the emergency department 2.5 hours post overdose of 200 g (2.5 g/kg) of paracetamol. Examination revealed a BP 85/60 mmHg, pulse 112 bpm, temperature 33.9 degreeC and blood glucose of 13.9 mmol/l. Venous blood gas 5.5-hours post-ingestion showed a pH 6.9, pCO2 58 mmHg, HCO3 13 mmol/l and lactate 14 mmol/l. Fifty-grams of nasogastric activated charcoal and double-strength intravenous acetylcysteine were administered. Paracetamol concentration peaked at 4207 micromol/l six hours post-ingestion. SLED was commenced nine-hours post ingestion and acetylcysteine dose was doubled again during dialysis. Paracetamol extraction ratio was 47-52%. Plasma paracetamol clearance was steady throughout SLED (53-58 ml/min). Hepatotoxicity did not develop and the patient recovered. Discussion(s): Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) is more efficient than SLED or continuous renal replacement therapy for enhancing paracetamol elimination and clearance. IHD plasma clearance is reported to range from 36 to 215 ml/min compared with endogenous clearance of 224 ml/70 kg/min. Conclusion(s): SLED improved acidaemia with only moderate overall increase in paracetamol plasma clearance. Lack of development of hepatotoxicity was likely the result of early administration of acetylcysteine rather than any effect of SLED on paracetamol elimination.Copyright © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. | DOI: | http://monash.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2017.1358366 | Link to associated publication: | Click here for full text options | PubMed URL: | 28812394 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=28812394] | ISSN: | 1556-3650 | URI: | https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/37009 | Type: | Article | Subjects: | lactate blood level loading drug dose low drug dose male metabolic acidosis/dt [Drug Therapy] metabolic acidosis/th [Therapy] pH platelet count pulse rate temperature venous blood acetylcysteine/dt [Drug Therapy] acetylcysteine/iv [Intravenous Drug Administration] glucose/ec [Endogenous Compound] lactic acid/ec [Endogenous Compound] noradrenalin/dt [Drug Therapy] *paracetamol/cr [Drug Concentration] *paracetamol/to [Drug Toxicity] *sustained low efficiency dialysis oxygen saturation acidemia adult article blood gas blood pressure breathing rate carbon dioxide tension case report clinical article *dialysis drug blood level drug clearance drug overdose glucose blood level human hypotension/dt [Drug Therapy] ingestion glucose blood level human hypotension / drug therapy ingestion lactate blood level loading drug dose low drug dose male metabolic acidosis / drug therapy / therapy oxygen saturation pH platelet count blood pressure temperature venous blood blood gas Article adult acidemia pulse rate breathing rate carbon dioxide tension case report clinical article *dialysis drug blood level drug clearance drug overdose |
Type of Clinical Study or Trial: | Case series or case report |
Appears in Collections: | Articles |
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