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https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/38390| Title: | Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115mmHg, 1990-2015. | Authors: | Roth G.A.;Vasankari T.;Venketasubramanian N.;Vlassov V.V.;Vos T.;Westerman R.;Yan L.L.;Yano Y.;Yonemoto N.;El Sayed Zaki M.;Murray C.J.L.;Forouzanfar M.H.;Liu P.;Ng M.;Biryukov S.;Marczak L.;Alexander L.;Estep K.;Abate K.H.;Akinyemiju T.F.;Ali R.;Alvis-Guzman N.;Azzopardi P.;Banerjee A.;Barnighausen T.;Basu A.;Bekele T.;Bennett D.A.;Biadgilign S.;Catala-Lopez F.;Feigin V.L.;Fernandes J.C.;Fischer F.;Gebru A.A.;Gona P.;Gupta R.;Hankey G.J.;Jonas J.B.;Judd S.E.;Khang Y.-H.;Khosravi A.;Kim Y.J.;Kimokoti R.W.;Kokubo Y.;Kolte D.;Lopez A.;Lotufo P.A.;Malekzadeh R.;Melaku Y.A.;Mensah G.A.;Misganaw A.;Mokdad A.H.;Moran A.E.;Nawaz H.;Neal B.;Ngalesoni F.N.;Ohkubo T.;Pourmalek F.;Rafay A.;Rai R.K.;Rojas-Rueda D.;Sampson U.K.;Santos I.S.;Sawhney M.;Schutte A.E.;Sepanlou S.G.;Shifa G.T.;Shiue I.;Tedla B.A.;Thrift A.G. ;Tonelli M.;Truelsen T.;Tsilimparis N.;Ukwaja K.N.;Uthman O.A. | Institution: | (Forouzanfar, Liu, Roth, Ng, Biryukov, Marczak, Alexander, Estep, Misganaw, Mokdad, Vos, Murray) Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States (Abate) Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia (Akinyemiju) Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States (Ali, Bennett) University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (Alvis-Guzman) Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia (Azzopardi) Centre for Adolescent Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia (Azzopardi) South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia (Banerjee) University College London, Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, London, United Kingdom (Barnighausen) Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States (Barnighausen) Wellcome Trust Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Somkhele, Mtubatuba, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Basu) School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand (Bekele) Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia (Biadgilign) Independent Public Health Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Catala-Lopez) University of Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute and CIBERSAM, Department of Medicine, Valencia, Spain (Catala-Lopez) Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (Feigin) Auckland University of Technology, National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland, New Zealand (Fernandes) IBILI - Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (Fischer) Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany (Fischer) Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia (Gebru) Kilte Awlaelo-Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia (Gona) University of Massachusetts Boston, United States (Gupta) Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India (Hankey) School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Hankey) Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia (Hankey) Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia (Jonas) Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany (Judd) University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States (Khang) Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (Khosravi) Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Kim) Southern University College, Johor, Malaysia (Kimokoti) Simmons College, Boston, MA, United States (Kokubo) National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Preventive Cardiology, Suita, Osaka, Japan (Kolte) Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States (Lopez) University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, QLD, Australia (Lotufo) University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil (Malekzadeh, Sepanlou) Tehran Universities of Medical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of (Melaku) Mekelle University, School of Public Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia (Melaku) University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, Adelaide, SA, Australia (Mensah) National Institutes of Health, Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States (Moran) Columbia University, New York, NY, United States (Nawaz) Southern Illinois University, Springfield, United States (Neal) George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia (Neal) University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (Neal) Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia (Neal) Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (Ngalesoni) Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dares Salaam, Tanzania (Ohkubo) Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Pourmalek) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Rafay) Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan (Rai) Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India (Rojas-Rueda) ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain (Sampson) National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States (Santos) University of Sao Paulo, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil (Sawhney) Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States (Schutte) South African Medical Research Council, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa (Shifa) Arba Minch University, SNNPR, Arba Minch, Ethiopia (Shifa) Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Shiue) Northumbria University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (Shiue) University of Edinburgh, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (Shiue) University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia (Tedla) James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia (Thrift) Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Tonelli) University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (Truelsen) University of Copenhagen, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Tsilimparis) University Heart Center of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (Ukwaja) Federal Teaching Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Abakaliki, Nigeria (Uthman) University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom (Vasankari) UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland (Venketasubramanian) Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore (Vlassov) National Research University, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation (Westerman) Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany (Westerman) German National Cohort Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany (Yan) Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (Yano) Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States (Yonemoto) National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan (El Sayed Zaki) Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt (Murray) Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2301 Fifth Ave, Seattle, WA 98121, United States | Issue Date: | 18-Feb-2017 | Copyright year: | 2017 | Publisher: | American Medical Association (E-mail: smcleod@itsa.ucsf.edu) | Place of publication: | United States | Publication information: | JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. 317 (2) (pp 165-182), 2017. Date of Publication: 10 Jan 2017. | Journal: | JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association | Abstract: | IMPORTANCE Elevated systolic blood (SBP) pressure is a leading global health risk. Quantifying the levels of SBP is important to guide prevention policies and interventions. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg and SBP of 140mmHg or higher and the burden of different causes of death and disability by age and sex for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015. DESIGN A comparative risk assessment of health loss related to SBP. Estimated distribution of SBP was based on 844 studies from 154 countries (published 1980-2015) of 8.69 million participants. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression was used to generate estimates of mean SBP and adjusted variance for each age, sex, country, and year. Diseases with sufficient evidence for a causal relationship with high SBP (eg, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke) were included in the primary analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mean SBP level, cause-specific deaths, and health burden related to SBP (<=110-115mmHg and also<=140mmHg) by age, sex, country, and year. RESULTS Between 1990-2015, the rate of SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg increased from 73 119 (95%uncertainty interval [UI], 67 949-78 241) to 81 373 (95%UI, 76 814-85 770) per 100000, and SBP of 140mmHg or higher increased from 17 307 (95%UI, 17 117-17 492) to 20526 (95%UI, 20283-20746) per 100000. The estimated annual death rate per 100000associated with SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg increased from 135.6 (95%UI, 122.4-148.1) to 145.2 (95%UI 130.3-159.9) and the rate for SBP of 140mmHg or higher increased from 97.9 (95%UI, 87.5-108.1) to 106.3 (95%UI, 94.6-118.1). Loss of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg increased from 148 million (95%UI, 134-162 million) to 211 million (95% UI, 193-231 million), and for SBP of 140mmHg or higher, the loss increased from 95.9 million (95%UI, 87.0-104.9 million) to 143.0million (95%UI, 130.2-157.0million). The largest numbers of SBP-related deathswere caused by ischemic heart disease (4.9 million [95%UI, 4.0-5.7 million]; 54.5%), hemorrhagic stroke (2.0million [95%UI, 1.6-2.3 million]; 58.3%), and ischemic stroke (1.5 million [95%UI, 1.2-1.8 million]; 50.0%). In 2015, China, India, Russia, Indonesia, and the United States accounted for more than half of the globalDALYs related to SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In international surveys, although there is uncertainty in some estimates, the rate of elevated SBP (<=110-115 and<=140mmHg) increased substantially between 1990 and 2015, and DALYs and deaths associated with elevated SBP also increased. Projections based on this sample suggest that in 2015, an estimated 3.5 billion adults had SBP of at least 110 to 115mmHg and 874 million adults had SBP of 140mmHg or higher.Copyright © 2017 American Medical Association. | DOI: | http://monash.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://acs.hcn.com.au/?acc=36265&url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.19043 | PubMed URL: | 28097354 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=28097354] | ISSN: | 0098-7484 | URI: | https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/38390 | Type: | Article |
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