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https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/50210| Title: | Glomerulonephritis: immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy. | Authors: | Anders H.-J.;Kitching A.R. ;Leung N.;Romagnani P. | Monash Health Department(s): | Nephrology Paediatric - Nephrology Centre for Inflammatory Diseases at Monash Health |
Institution: | (Anders) Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany (Kitching) Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (Kitching) Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia (Kitching) Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia (Leung) Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States (Leung) Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States (Romagnani) Department of Experimental and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy (Romagnani) Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy |
Issue Date: | 27-Jul-2023 | Copyright year: | 2023 | Publisher: | Nature Research | Place of publication: | United Kingdom | Publication information: | Nature Reviews Immunology. 23(7) (pp 453-471), 2023. Date of Publication: July 2023. | Journal: | Nature Reviews Immunology | Abstract: | 'Glomerulonephritis' (GN) is a term used to describe a group of heterogeneous immune-mediated disorders characterized by inflammation of the filtration units of the kidney (the glomeruli). These disorders are currently classified largely on the basis of histopathological lesion patterns, but these patterns do not align well with their diverse pathological mechanisms and hence do not inform optimal therapy. Instead, we propose grouping GN disorders into five categories according to their immunopathogenesis: infection-related GN, autoimmune GN, alloimmune GN, autoinflammatory GN and monoclonal gammopathy-related GN. This categorization can inform the appropriate treatment; for example, infection control for infection-related GN, suppression of adaptive immunity for autoimmune GN and alloimmune GN, inhibition of single cytokines or complement factors for autoinflammatory GN arising from inborn errors in innate immunity, and plasma cell clone-directed or B cell clone-directed therapy for monoclonal gammopathies. Here we present the immunopathogenesis of GN and immunotherapies in use and in development and discuss how an immunopathogenesis-based GN classification can focus research, and improve patient management and teaching.Copyright © 2023, Springer Nature Limited. | DOI: | http://monash.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41577-022-00816-y | URI: | https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/50210 | Type: | Review | Subjects: | AL amyloidosis antiretroviral therapy chronic kidney failure corticosteroid therapy cryoglobulinemia cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome cytotoxicity familial Mediterranean fever focal glomerulosclerosis glomerular filtration barrier glomerulonephritis glomerulopathy hematuria histopathology HIV associated nephropathy hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome hypertension immune deficiency immunoglobulin A nephropathy immunohistochemistry immunopathogenesis immunopathology immunophenotyping immunotherapy infectious agent kidney biopsy lupus erythematosus nephritis membranous glomerulonephritis mesangium microscopic polyangiitis myeloma cast nephropathy nephrotic syndrome plasma exchange podocyte proteinuria thrombotic microangiopathy tumor necrosis factor receptor associated periodic syndrome Wegener granulomatosis abatacept anifrolumab ansornitinib antinuclear antibody antiretrovirus agent apolipoprotein L1 APRIL protein atacicept atrasentan avacopan B cell activating factor B cell activating factor receptor bardoxolone baricitinib belimumab bortezomib CD20 antigen CD40 antigen CD6 antigen cemdisiran corticotropin cryoglobulin cyclophosphamide cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 danicopan daratumumab empagliflozin endothelin 1 endothelin A receptor Fc receptor felzartamab filgotinib glucocorticoid guselkumab ianalumab imlifidase immunomodulating agent inaxaplin interferon receptor iptacopan isatuximab iscalimab itolizumab Janus kinase 1 kallikrein lanraplenib mezagitamab narsoplimab neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody nipocalimab obinutuzumab pegcetacoplan pelecopan phosphotransferase pomalidomide proteasome protein kinase Syk ravulizumab repagermanium resomelagon rinvecalinase alfa rituximab secukinumab serine proteinase sibeprenlimab Slit2 protein sodium glucose cotransporter 2 sparsentan tegoprubart vemircopan vunakizumab zetomipzomib zigakibart complement factor C3 glomerulonephritis crystalloglobulin glomerulonephritis immune complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis immunotactoid glomerulonephritis Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease/ monotypic fibrillary glomerulonephritis proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposit steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome/ transplant glomerulopathy |
Type of Clinical Study or Trial: | Review article (e.g. literature review, narrative review) |
| Appears in Collections: | Articles |
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